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Amphetamines are often prescribed as stimulant medications in conditions like ADHD. It speeds up signals that travel from the brain to the body. Consequently, the user feels more alert, active and engaged. However, when misused, the user may develop dependence or addiction.
At Cadabam's, we see the impact of addiction every day. Understanding amphetamine addiction is essential for addressing its impact and supporting those on the path to recovery.
What is Amphetamine?
A central nervous system stimulant, amphetamine, is often used in the treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy. It enhances alertness, concentration, and energy by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. However, recreational or non-medical use of the drug often leads to addiction with adverse effects on the user’s physical and psychological functioning.
Effects of Amphetamine on the Body
Amphetamines' effects on the body are wide-ranging and can develop over time. The drug increases heart rate and blood pressure, causing cardiovascular strain. It can also lead to respiratory issues, seizures, anxiety, paranoia, and cognitive impairments, significantly impacting overall physical and mental health.
Short-Term Effects of Amphetamine
Short-term effects of amphetamines on mental health include:
- Increased alertness
- Euphoria
- Anxiety
- Paranoia
- Irritability and restlessness
- Impaired judgement
- Increased risk of depression and mood disorders
Physical effects of cocaine that last over a short period include:
- Increased heart rate and blood pressure
- Higher chances of heart attacks, strokes, and heart-related diseases
- Respiratory distress from long-term use
- Seizures, headaches, and dizziness
- Nausea and abdominal pain
- Reduced appetite
Long-Term Effects of Amphetamine
Amphetamine addiction may lead to long-term effects. These include cardiovascular conditions like sustained high blood pressure, a higher likelihood of heart attacks, strokes, and chronic heart disease. Chronic use may also result in cognitive impairments, memory loss, and increased risk of seizures. Users may also develop anxiety, depression, paranoia, hallucinations, and psychosis. Respiratory issues, gastrointestinal issues, skin issues and dental problems are also reported in individuals with a history of prolonged use of amphetamines.
Risks of Amphetamine Use
Amphetamine addiction is a serious condition that affects both the body and mind. Understanding the risks associated with amphetamine use is crucial for prevention and Amphetamine addiction treatment. Below, we delve into the various physical, mental, and emotional risks that come with amphetamine abuse.
Physical Risks
Physically, regular amphetamine abuse puts a strain on the user’s heart and lungs, potentially leading to cardiovascular and respiratory issues. Neurological complications and skin and dental issues may also develop.
Mental and Emotional Risks
On the mental and emotional front, rapid tolerance for amphetamine poses several challenges, including chronic anxiety, severe depression, paranoia, and hallucinations. Individuals may experience mood swings, emotional instability, and impaired judgment.
How Amphetamine Addiction Develops
Amphetamine addiction does not develop overnight. It develops through repeated misuse, driven by its stimulating effects. Amphetamines, prescribed in cases of ADHD, release dopamine and norepinephrine, which creates a sense of alertness and euphoria. Continued use does not only build tolerance, requiring higher doses for similar effects but also makes the body or the brain reliant on the drug to produce these effects as natural neurotransmitter production diminishes.
How is Amphetamine Addiction Diagnosed
Amphetamine addiction is diagnosed through a comprehensive evaluation by healthcare professionals, focusing on a combination of behavioural, physical, and psychological criteria.
Key behavioural signs include an inability to cut down or control amphetamine use despite a strong desire to stop, spending excessive amounts of time obtaining or using the drug, and continuing use despite negative consequences in personal or professional life.
Physical symptoms indicative of addiction include increased tolerance, where more amphetamine is needed to achieve the same effect, and experiencing withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, depression, and intense cravings when not using the drug.
A psychiatric assessment evaluates psychological dependence and its impact on mental health. Additionally, the diagnostic criteria outlined in the DSM-5 for substance use disorders are used to identify specific signs and symptoms of addiction. While no single test can conclusively diagnose amphetamine addiction, the confluence of these behavioural, physical, and psychological signs provides a clear and comprehensive picture of the disorder.
When to Seek Help for Amphetamine Addiction?
Amphetamine addiction is a serious condition, but it's important to know you're not alone. If you or someone you know is struggling, there's no shame in seeking help. Early intervention is crucial for recovery. Here are some signs that indicate professional support might be necessary:
- Constant cravings: You're constantly thinking about amphetamine or preoccupied with getting it.
- Strained relationships: Strained relationships with loved ones due to secretive behaviour or neglecting responsibilities.
- Physical problems: You experience physical problems like chest pain, sleep disturbances, or changes in appetite.
- Repeated failed attempts to quit: You've tried to stop using the drug but with no success.
These are all signs that cocaine use may be spiralling out of control. Remember, seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness. Numerous resources are available to support you on the path to recovery. Don't hesitate to reach out for a brighter future, free from the grip of addiction.
Treatment Options for Amphetamine Addiction
Amphetamine addiction treatment must consider both physical and psychological aspects. A successful approach often includes various components working together to aid recovery. Below are the primary treatment options:
Detoxification
Detoxification aims to clear amphetamine from the system and manage withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, depression, and intense cravings. Medical supervision ensures safety and provides support during this challenging phase, laying the groundwork for further treatment. During this phase, nutritional support and hydration are also provided to restore physical health.
Depending on the addiction's severity and individual health, detoxification can take anywhere from a few days to a week.
Therapy and Counselling
Therapy and counselling are crucial in treating amphetamine addiction by addressing its psychological aspects. Various therapeutic approaches are tailored to meet individual needs, fostering long-term recovery:
- Therapy and counselling are essential components of amphetamine addiction treatment.
- Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) helps individuals understand and work on their addictive behaviours. Counselling sessions offer support and strategies to cope with triggers and prevent relapse.
- Group therapy builds a community of shared experiences, aiding in the journey towards long-term recovery.
- Family therapy is also a crucial component of amphetamine addiction treatment, recognising that addiction affects not just the individual but the entire family. This involves counselling sessions with family members to address communication issues, rebuild trust, and support the recovery process.
Medication-Assisted Treatment
There are no specific medications used to treat amphetamine addiction. However, certain medications, such as antidepressants and antipsychotics, help alleviate withdrawal symptoms.
Rehabilitation
Amphetamine addiction rehabilitation programs, whether residential or outpatient, provide structured environments for recovery. Residential rehabs offer immersive care, removing individuals from potential triggers and providing round-the-clock medical and therapeutic support.
Outpatient rehabs, on the other hand, allow individuals to live at home and maintain certain responsibilities while attending scheduled Amphetamine addiction treatment sessions. Both types emphasise education, skill-building, therapy, and peer support.
The choice between residential and outpatient Amphetamine addiction rehabilitation largely depends on the severity of the addiction, personal responsibilities, and individual preferences.
What Type of Doctors Can Treat Amphetamine Addiction?
The treatment of amphetamine addiction often involves a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. Addiction psychiatrists specialise in diagnosing and treating substance use disorders, providing both medical and therapeutic interventions.
Clinical psychologists and licensed therapists offer behavioural therapies, cognitive interventions, and counselling sessions to address the underlying causes of addiction and equip individuals with coping strategies.
Additionally, primary care physicians play a pivotal role in the early identification of addiction signs and offer referrals to specialised treatment centres. In comprehensive treatment settings, such as Amphetamine addiction rehabilitation centres, addiction medicine specialists oversee detoxification and medication-assisted Amphetamine addiction treatments.
It's essential for individuals seeking help to find healthcare providers with experience in addiction medicine or therapy, ensuring a holistic and informed approach to recovery.
What are the Effects of Amphetamine Withdrawal?
Cocaine withdrawal can be a challenging and uncomfortable process, marked by a range of physical and psychological symptoms. Physically, individuals often experience fatigue, increased appetite, and disrupted sleep patterns, including insomnia or hypersomnia. Intense cravings for amphetamine are common, making the withdrawal phase particularly difficult.
Psychologically, withdrawal symptoms can include severe depression, anxiety, and irritability. Individuals may also experience agitation, restlessness, and vivid, unpleasant dreams. Cognitive functions such as concentration and memory can be impaired. Common emotional symptoms include mood swings, feelings of hopelessness, and a lack of enjoyment in everyday life.
In some cases, more severe symptoms such as paranoia and suicidal thoughts may occur, necessitating medical supervision. Withdrawal symptoms can differ significantly in severity and duration, influenced by the extent and intensity of cocaine use, as well as individual factors like overall health, wellness and the presence of co-occurring mental health disorders. Proper medical and psychological support is crucial during this phase to manage symptoms and prevent relapse.
How Cadabam's Rehabilitation Centre Can Help
Cadabam's has over three decades of experience in helping individuals with addiction issues. With an expert team and cutting-edge infrastructure, Cadabam's offers the best recovery experience for people facing amphetamine addiction. Its multidisciplinary team includes addiction psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, and licensed therapists who specialise in substance use disorders and create individualised Amphetamine addiction treatment plans tailored to each patient's unique needs, ensuring a holistic approach to recovery.
If you are searching for a solution to your problem, Cadabam's Anunitha’s De-Addiction Centre can help you with its team of specialised experts. We have been helping thousands of people live healthier and happier lives for 30+ years. We leverage evidence-based approaches and holistic treatment methods to help individuals effectively manage amphetamine addiction. Get in touch with us today. You can call us at +91 96111 94949.